论文部分内容阅读
章太炎的文学批评观虽在一些文学史和文学批评史著中有所论及,然因太炎视文学乃其学术之余事,故专论不多。而考察相关的评述,太炎的文学思想或被划入所谓资产阶级革命派范畴,受到关注和赞扬;或又因其信而好古,反对委心向西及白话文,又被视为古文学的殿军,甚至遭贬斥为历史退化论的代表。其实,文学进化论只是缘生于生物进化论的一个先设前提,它在肯定文学发展的同时又造成文学批评的单一化与非历史化倾向,而从文学的多元性及批评的个性化来看待章太炎文学观之循名责实的批评法、原始返本的认识论、取法汉晋的历史观与雅正闳硕的修辞说,颇具丰富内涵与个性色彩。而太炎以复古为蜕变之文学通变观的传统性,以“拨乱反正”为主旨之文学致用说的现代性,和以经学语境、名学规范与小学基础为内涵之文学批评观的特殊性,其成绩与失败、经验与教训,都是具有历史意义且值得深入探讨的。
Although Zhang Taiyan’s view of literary criticism has been discussed in some literary history and literary criticism, his monograph is scarce because of his academic life. On the other hand, if we look at the relevant comments, Taiyan’s literary ideas are either categorized into the category of so-called bourgeois revolutionaries and receive attention and praise; or because of his letters, they are opposed to benevolence to the West and the vernacular, and they are regarded as ancient literature The Dian Army was even denounced as a representative of historical degeneration. Actually, the theory of literary evolution is only a prerequisite for the evolution of biology. It confirms the development of literature and at the same time it also leads to the tendency of simplification and non-historicalization of literary criticism. From the pluralism of literature and the individualization of criticism, The criticism method of following the name of literature, the epistemology of the original capital return, the historical view of Han and Jin Dynasties and the rhetoric of Yazheng Shuo Shuo are rich in connotation and individuality. However, the modernity of literary theory, which is based on the tradition of “literary transformation” and the literary criticism based on “classical learning” and “primary school” The particularity of the concept, its achievements and failures, its experiences and lessons, are both historic and worth exploring in depth.