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1962—1963年,我们曾对新疆马铃薯种性退化情况进行过一次全面调查,发现种性退化与各地气候条件及品种有一定的关系。但是,唯南疆有一个历史遗留下来的独特的马铃薯农家品种(当地维吾尔族农民称为小疙瘩,视其为珍品),其感病情况和种性变异与其他品种迥然不同。例如,从新疆任何地方收集来的品种,当将它们同时在乌鲁木齐种植,第一年均正常健壮生长,第二年即严重发生病毒病而退化减产,到第三年有的品种连留种都成了问题;而从莎车、喀什等地引进的“小疙瘩”马铃薯,并未随种植年代的增加而减产,其植株仍出现典型的皱缩花叶,叶片缩小,束顶,苗期生长受抑,后期
From 1962 to 1963, we conducted a comprehensive survey on the degenerative situation of potato in Xinjiang and found that there is a certain relationship between species degeneration and climatic conditions and varieties. However, there is a unique history of the history of potato farmers in the country (the local Uyghur peasants called small lumps, regarded as treasures), its susceptibility and variation of species and very different from other varieties. For example, the cultivars collected from any part of Xinjiang, when they are planted in Urumqi at the same time, grow normally and robustly in the first year, degenerate and severely reduce the virus disease in the second year, and breed in the third year Became a problem. The “small lumps” potatoes introduced from Shache and Kashgar did not reduce their production with the increase of planting age. The plants still showed the typical folds of reduced foliage, narrowing of leaves, growth of the top and seedling stage Suppressed, late