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科尔沁沙地日益加剧的土地沙漠化进程 ,已成为辽宁北部地区农牧业经济发展的主要灾害因素 ,并对沈阳等重工业城市生态环境构成严重威胁。辽宁省沙漠化土地面积约 2 0 .13万hm2 ,主要分布在北部的康平、彰武、法库、昌图和西部的阜新、北票等地区。其中受科尔沁沙地影响而形成的风沙地占沙漠化面积的 80 %以上。调查结果表明 ,由于沙漠化的危害造成土壤结构发生变化 ,土壤中细粒物质减少 ,粗大粒级物质增多 ,形成地表粗化过程。有机质含量从沙化初期的 1.4 0 2 %减少到 0 .4 12 % ,到严重沙漠化阶段可减少到 0 .0 95%。调整土地结构、优化土地利用模式 ;恢复与营造人工植被、建立绿色生态屏障 ;控制人口增长、改变能源结构 ,是我省北部地区土地沙漠化的有效防治对策
The worsening process of land desertification in Horqin Sandy Land has become a major disaster factor for the economic development of agriculture and animal husbandry in the northern part of Liaoning Province and poses a serious threat to the ecological environment of heavy industrial cities such as Shenyang. Liaoning Province desertified land area of about 201300 hm2, mainly in the northern Kangping, Zhangwu, Faku, Changtu and Western Fuxin, Beipiao and other regions. Among them, the wind-blown sand formed by the impact of Horqin sandy land accounts for more than 80% of the desertified area. The survey results show that due to the harm of desertification, the soil structure changes, the amount of fine-grained matter in the soil decreases, and the coarse-grained material increases, forming the surface roughening process. The organic matter content decreased from 1.4 0 2% to 0 4 12% in the initial stage of desertification, and decreased to 0. 0 95% in severe desertification stage. Adjusting the structure of the land and optimizing the pattern of land use; Restoring and building artificial vegetation and establishing a green ecological barrier; Controlling the population growth and changing the energy structure are the effective measures to prevent desertification in the northern part of our province