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目的了解新疆牧区游牧和定居牧业居民(简称牧民)卫生服务需求利用的现状,为新疆牧业医院人力配置规划及能力建设目标提供决策依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,对新疆新源县、沙湾县和阿勒泰市3个牧业县1 055户游牧和665户定居牧业居民进行家庭健康询问调查。结果2008年新疆牧区被调查牧民2周就诊率为6.8%,2周未就诊率为53.6%;住院率为5.1%,未住院率为27.8%;牧民2周就诊和住院率低于同期全国农村水平,2周患病未就诊和未住院率高于同期全国农村水平;游牧和定居牧民2周就诊率和未住院率差异无统计学意义;游牧牧民2周患病未就诊率(55.8%)高于定居牧民(48.2%),住院率(4.4%)低于定居牧民(6.5%);游牧牧民就诊选择牧业点设立的医疗机构比例和住院利用乡镇卫生院比例均高于定居牧民;就医可及性差是牧区居民卫生服务利用不足的主要原因。结论目前提供的卫生服务尚不能满足居民的卫生服务需求,同时卫生服务利用不足,游牧牧民比定居牧民更严重,应加强牧区基层卫生服务体系建设。
Objective To understand the status quo of the demand for health services of nomadic and settled herdsmen in Xinjiang pastoral areas and to provide decision-making basis for human resource allocation planning and capacity building in Xinjiang Animal Husbandry Hospital. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the health of 1 055 nomadic herds and 665 settled herdsmen in 3 animal husbandry counties in Xinyuan, Shawan and Altay of Xinjiang. Results The visiting rate of herdsmen in Xinjiang pastoral areas in 2008 was 6.8% at 2 weeks and 53.6% at 2 weeks. The hospitalization rate was 5.1% and the rate of unaccounted for hospitalization was 27.8%. The visits and hospitalization rates of herdsmen in 2 weeks were lower than those in rural areas across the country The prevalence of non-attendance and non-hospitalization in 2 weeks was higher than that in rural areas throughout the country in the same period. No significant difference was found between no-hospital attendance rates and no-hospital attendance rates in nomadic and settled herdsmen. (48.2%) were higher than the resident herdsmen (4.4%). The proportion of medical institutions set up by the nomadic pastoralists in the selection of animal husbandry sites and the proportion of hospitals using the township hospitals were higher than that of the resident herdsmen Poor accessibility is the main reason for the inadequate utilization of health services in pastoral areas. Conclusion At present, the health services provided can not meet the needs of residents’ health services. At the same time, the utilization of health services is insufficient. The nomadic herdsmen are more serious than the herdsmen. It is necessary to strengthen the grass-roots health service system in pastoral areas.