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目的观察骨髓基质细胞(BMSCs)经颈内动脉移植对短暂脑缺血大鼠的脑组织血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达及学习记忆的影响。方法 5只短暂脑缺血模型大鼠移植标记有18F-FDG的BMSCs,仅用于正电子发射型计算机断层显像(positron emission computed tomography,PET)观察。16只模型大鼠采用数字表法随机分为移植组(n=8)和对照组(n=8),另设假手术组(n=8)。移植组由颈内动脉种植BMSCs,对照组种植PBS,假手术组无特殊处理。14天后行脑组织HE染色,VEGF免疫组化染色。另设3个组,于移植后14和90天行Morris水迷宫实验。结果 BMSCs注射后3h,细胞主要分布于双侧颅内。移植后第14天,HE染色观察,与对照组比较,移植组神经元缺失较少,微血管增生明显。移植组在海马脑组织的VEGF阳性细胞数高于另两组,移植组为12.14±1.53个,对照组为9.53±1.31个,假手术组为7.23±0.77个,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。移植后第14天,移植组的定位航行潜伏期和穿越平台的次数为46.55±6.92s和4.50±1.05次,对照组为44.50±5.09s和5.50±1.05次,假手术组为27.83±5.80s和7.17±1.17次。移植组和对照组的定位航行潜伏期延长,穿越平台的次数减少,与假手术组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。移植后第90天,移植组的定位航行潜伏期和穿越平台的次数为25.85±2.20s和7.50±1.05次,对照组为39.25±4.02s和5.83±0.75次,假手术组为24.62±2.63s和7.67±0.82次。对照组的定位航行潜伏期仍延长,穿越平台的次数仍减少,与另两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 BMSCs移植可以减少短暂脑缺血大鼠神经细胞的丢失,促进脑组织VEGF的表达和血管增生,改善学习和记忆功能。
Objective To investigate the effect of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) transplanted via the internal carotid artery on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and learning and memory in transient cerebral ischemia rats. METHODS: Fifty-five transient ischemic rats were transplanted with 18F-FDG labeled BMSCs, which were only used for positron emission computed tomography (PET) observation. Twenty-six model rats were randomly divided into transplantation group (n = 8) and control group (n = 8) by digital table method, and another sham operation group (n = 8). BMSCs were implanted in internal carotid artery in transplantation group and PBS in control group. There was no special treatment in sham operation group. The brain tissue HE staining and VEGF immunohistochemical staining were performed 14 days later. A further three groups were performed Morris water maze test 14 and 90 days after transplantation. Results BMSCs 3h after injection, the cells are mainly distributed in the bilateral intracranial. On the 14th day after transplantation, the number of neurons was less in the transplantation group than in the control group, and the microvascular hyperplasia was obvious. The number of VEGF-positive cells in the hippocampus of the transplantation group was higher than that in the other two groups (12.14 ± 1.53 in the transplantation group, 9.53 ± 1.31 in the control group and 7.23 ± 0.77 in the sham operation group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). On the 14th day after transplantation, the navigation latency and the number of crossing the platform were 46.55 ± 6.92s and 4.50 ± 1.05 in the transplantation group, 44.50 ± 5.09s and 5.50 ± 1.05 in the control group, 27.83 ± 5.80s in the sham operation group and 7.17 ± 1.17 times. The latency of navigation and navigation in the transplantation group and the control group were longer than those in the sham operation group (P <0.05). On the 90th day after transplantation, the navigation latency and the number of crossing the platform were 25.85 ± 2.20s and 7.50 ± 1.05 in the transplantation group, 39.25 ± 4.02s and 5.83 ± 0.75 in the control group, and 24.62 ± 2.63s in the sham operation group 7.67 ± 0.82 times. The navigation latency of the control group was still prolonged and the number of passing through the platform still decreased. Compared with the other two groups, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Transplantation of BMSCs can reduce the loss of nerve cells in transient ischemic rats, promote the expression of VEGF and the proliferation of blood vessels in brain tissue, and improve the learning and memory function.