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霍山石斛是一种非常珍贵的中药材，具有很高的商品价值和药用价值。不同种的霍山石斛具有不同的商品价格和药效作用，因此需要建立一种快速且绝对无损的方法来鉴别不同种的霍山石斛。该实验，采用微型近红外光谱仪MicroNIR 1700实现对来自于三个不同种的五个不同商品等级的霍山石斛鉴别研究。经光谱预处理、波段选择及主成分数优化后所建最佳SIMCA模型结果的识别率和拒绝率均达到100％，表明微型近红外光谱仪MicroNIR 1700能够成功实现对五类霍山石斛的快速及绝对无损鉴别。“,”As one very precious traditional Chinese medicine (TCM ) ,Huoshan Dendrobium has not only high price ,but also significant pharmaceutical efficacy .However ,different species of Huoshan Dendrobium exhibit considerable difference in pharmaceutical efficacy ,so rapid and absolutely non-destructive discrimination of Huoshan Dendrobium nobile according to different species is crucial to quality control and pharmaceutical effect .In this study ,as one type of miniature near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer ,MicroNIR 1700 was used for absolutely nondestructive determination of NIR spectra of 90 batches of Dendrobium from five species of differ-ent commodity grades .The samples were intact and not smashed .Soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) pattern recognition based on principal component analysis (PCA) was used to classify and recognize different species of Dendrobium samples .The results indicated that the SIMCA qualitative models established with pretreatment method of standard normal variate transformation (SNV) in the spectra range selected by Qs method had 100% recognition rates and 100% rejection rates .This study demonstrated that a rapid and abso-lutely non-destructive analytical technique based on MicroNIR 1700 spectrometer was developed for successful discrimination of five different species of Huoshan Dendrobium with acceptable accuracy .