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目的通过调查表和询问尘肺患者,了解尘肺患者抑郁状况及其影响因素。方法研究者对调查员进行统一培训,要求采用统一的询问方式,请受试者回答问卷内容,调查者进行记录,调查问卷由调查者带回调查中心。结果影响抑郁发生的因素主要有患者收入高低、接尘工龄长短和尘肺分期。高收入的尘肺患者发生抑郁的危险是低收入患者的0.79倍;接尘工龄长的患者发生抑郁的危险是工龄短患者的1.526倍;Ⅱ-Ⅲ期尘肺患者发生抑郁的危险是Ⅰ期尘肺患者的2.129倍。结论收入在1500元/月以下的尘肺患者易发生抑郁,可能的原因是收入低导致生活质量下降,此外,患者因治疗引起一些额外医药费的负担,造成生活的拮据,引起抑郁的发生。提高尘肺患者工资待遇,有计划的给予补偿或补助,有利于减少尘肺患者抑郁症状发生。
Objective To investigate the depression and its influencing factors in patients with pneumoconiosis through questionnaires and interrogation of patients with pneumoconiosis. Methods The investigators conducted unified training on investigators and required a unified way of asking questions. The subjects were asked to answer the questionnaire and the investigators recorded. The questionnaire was returned to the investigation center by the investigators. Results The main factors that affect the occurrence of depression are the level of income of patients, the length of dust-collecting service and the stage of pneumoconiosis. The risk of depression in high-income pneumoconiosis patients is 0.79 times that of low-income patients; the risk of depression in patients with long service-life is 1.526 times of those in short service life; the risk of depression in patients with stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ pneumoconiosis is stage Ⅰ pneumoconiosis 2.129 times. Conclusions Patients with pneumoconiosis whose income is under 1,500 yuan / month are prone to depression. The possible reason is that the low income leads to the decline of the quality of life. In addition, the patients are burdened with some extra medical expenses due to the treatment, resulting in the shortage of life and depression. Increase the wages of patients with pneumoconiosis, there are plans to give compensation or subsidies, help to reduce the occurrence of depression in patients with pneumoconiosis.