[Objective] To study the antibacterial activity of chemical constituents in C. nanchuanensis Hsiao. [Method] The chemical constituents were firstly extracted by reflux method, and then respectively extracted by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol, the extracts by ethyl acetate were analyzed by silica gel chromatography. Gradient elution was conducted by chloroform-methanol (V/V,10∶0→0∶10), the common compounds were detected by thin-layer chromatography. And antibacterial effects of compounds 3, 4 and 5 were experimentally studied. [Result] Six compounds, including isoferulic acid, ferulic acid, 25-O-acetylcimigenol, cimidahuside C, 12β-hydroxycimigenol and β-sitosterol, were isolated from the dry rhizomes of C. nanchuanensis, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis (IR, MS and NMR). Three of them were cycloartane triterpenoids. [Conclusion]Compounds 1-6 were extracted from RHIZOMA CIMICIFUGAE for the first time. Among them, compounds 3, 4 and 5 showed good antibacterial activities. [Objective] To study the antibacterial activity of chemical constituents in C. nanchuanensis Hsiao. [Method] The chemical constituents were first extracted by reflux method, and then two extracted by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol, the extracts by ethyl acetate were analyzed by silica gel chromatography. The common compounds were detected by thin-layer chromatography. And antibacterial effects of compounds 3, 4 and 5 were testedally studied. [Result] Six compounds, including isoferulic acid, ferulic acid, 25-O-acetylcimigenol, cimidahuside C, 12β-hydroxycimigenol and β-sitosterol, were isolated from the dry rhizomes of C. nanchuanensis, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis (IR, MS and NMR). Three of them were cycloartane triterpenoids. [Conclusion] Compounds 1-6 were extracted from RHIZOMA CIMICIFUGAE for the first time. Among them, compounds 3, 4 and 5 showed good antibacterial activities.