“文章者穷人之具,而文章之奇者,其穷亦奇,如戴子是也”(《与刘大山书》),此为方苞评论戴名世的人与文之语。的确,生于顺治十年(1653)的戴名世命运可真够奇崛的,他平生不喜时文,五十岁之前以卖文授徒为生,之后方应科举,五十三岁得中举人,五十七岁得中进士,授职为翰林院编修。结果,六十一岁就因为《南山集》案被处死。如此说来,文章何止是穷人之具,简直是杀人的利器啊。方苞也因为给 “Articles are poor people, and articles of the odd, the poor is also surprising, such as the Dai is also ” (“and the book”), this is Fang Bao commented Dai Mingshi the language of man and the article. Indeed, the fate of Dai Ming Shih-bian, born in Shunzhi’s decade (1653), can be truly amazing. He did not like his life as a child. He had to live as a literary laypeople before the age of 50, Zhong Ren, fifty-seven years in the Jinshi, Professor Hanlin Academy for editing. As a result, the 61-year-old was executed for “Nanshan Ji” case. In this sense, the article is not only a tool for the poor but an indiscriminate weapon. Fang Bao also because of