生产的合理化是一个有关企业生存的问题。西德在1960与1975年间,铸件的年产量基本上保持在四百万吨左右,而铸造厂家数却减少了40％,这样,平均每个铸造厂的年产量大约增加了50％,而每年增长率最少约为3.5％,为了保持竞争力,尽可能达到4～5％。如果达不到这个必要的增长率,就必须首先在企业内部采取合理化措施,提高生产率,否则就会丧失竞争能力。 The rationalization of production is a question about the survival of enterprises. In the 1960s and 1975, West Germany, the annual output of castings basically remained at about 4 million tons, while the number of foundries was reduced by 40%, so that the average annual output of each foundry increased by about 50%, while the annual The minimum growth rate is about 3.5%, in order to maintain competitiveness, as much as possible 4 to 5%. If this necessary growth rate is not reached, we must first take rational measures within the enterprise to increase productivity, otherwise we will lose competitiveness.