雷蒙德·卡佛是20世纪下半叶美国最著名的短篇小说家。其同名小说集的代表作《大教堂》,曾入选1982年美国年度最佳短篇小说。这篇小说中仍然有卡佛早期作品的无奈和无法自拔,但是正如卡佛自己所说的“仿佛已耗尽,却又收拾起勇气。”小说一改之前阴郁悲观的基调,作品中的人物通过建立在真诚和互相理解上的交流,最终打开了孤独的内心世界。对文本进行仔细研读后,我们不难发现其中的存在主义哲学意味:荒谬的世界中的个体是孤独的;通过自我选择可以走出疏离和孤独。 Raymond Carver was the most famous American short story writer in the second half of the 20th century. The famous book “The Cathedral” of the same name, was named the 1982 American short story of the year. The novel still contains the helplessness and unpredictability of Carver’s early works, but as Carver himself said, “it seems as though it has run out of energy, but it has also taken up the courage.” Before the novel’s gloomy pessimism, Through the establishment of communication based on sincerity and mutual understanding, the characters finally opened the lonely inner world. After studying the text carefully, we can easily find out that the existentialist philosophy means that individuals in a ridiculous world are lonely; they can walk away from alienation and solitude through self-selection.