Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with decent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity have been exten-sively studied in the fields of energy storage and conversion.However,their poor conductivity,ease of agglomeration,and low intrinsic activity limit their practical application.To date,improvement of the intrinsic activity and stability of NiFe-LDHs through the introduction of heteroatoms or its combination with other conductive substrates to enhance their water-splitting performance has drawn increasing attention.In this study,vertically interlaced ternary phosphatised nickel/iron hybrids grown on the sur-face of titanium carbide flakes (NiFeP/MXene) were successfully synthesised through a hydrothermal reaction and phosphating calcination process.The optimised NiFeP/MXene exhibited a low overpotential 0f286 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and a Tafel slope of 35 mV dec-1 for the OER,which exceeded the performance of several existing NiFe-based catalysts.NiFeP/MXene was further used as a water-splitting anode in an alkaline electrolyte,exhibiting a cell voltage of only 1.61 V to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm-2.Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the combination of MXene acting as a conduc-tive substrate and the phosphating process can effectively tune the electronic structure and density of the electrocatalyst surface to promote the energy level of the d-band centre,resulting in an enhanced OER performance.This study provides a valuable guideline for designing high-performance MXene-supported NiFe-based OER catalysts.