Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is a chronic relapsing disease in gastrointestinal tract. Conventional medications lack the efficacy to offer complete remission in IBD therapy,and usually associate with serious side effects. Recent studies indicated that nanoparticle-based nanotherapeutics may offer precise and safe alternative to conventional medications via enhanced targeting,sustained drug release,and decreased adverse effects. Here,we reviewed orally cell-specific nanotherapeutics developed in recent years. In addition,the various obstacles for oral drug delivery are also reviewed in this manuscript. Orally administrated cell-specific nanotherapeutics is expected to become a novel therapeutic approach for IBD treatment. Conventional medications lack the efficacy to offer complete remission in IBD therapy, and usually associate with serious side effects. Recent studies indicated that nanoparticle-based nanotherapeutics may offer precise and safe alternative To conventional medications via enhanced targeting, sustained drug release, and decreased adverse effects. In addition, the various obstacles for oral drug delivery are also reviewed in this manuscript. Orally administered cells -specific nanotherapeutics is expected to become a novel therapeutic approach for IBD treatment.