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老年保障制度是现代国家行政干预老年人口生活的一个重要手段。其建立和发展不但与经济发展水平和人口结构变化有着密切的关系，而且受到政治体制和意识形态发展的制约。发达国家的经验表明政治体制和市场力量的相互作用决定了现代杜会资源的再分配过程，并在此基础上形成了透视公共老年保障体制的“新政治经济学”的理论观点。这一理论观点有助于解释中国老年保障制度建立和发展中政治体制和意识形态的作用，拓宽了我们认识影响和决定中国老年保障体制变革的不同社会因素的视角。
The old-age security system is an important means by which state administration intervenes in the life of the elderly population. Its establishment and development are closely related not only to the level of economic development and changes in population structure, but also to the development of the political system and ideology. The experience of the developed countries shows that the interaction between the political system and the market forces determines the redistribution of resources in the modern society, and on this basis, it forms the theoretical view of “new political economy” that seeks to provide public security for the elderly. This theoretical perspective helps explain the role of China’s old-age security system in establishing and developing the political system and ideology and broadens our perspective on the different social factors that influence and determine the reform of China’s elderly security system.