干眼症的发病率较高，常规治疗以眼药水或泪液替代品为主，目前仍在广泛应用。近年来新的治疗方法往往针对干眼症的病因，而不是单纯地缓解症状，抗炎药物能够抵制干眼症炎症因子，常用药物包括皮质类固醇、环孢霉素A、非甾体类抗炎药等。神经生长因子可有效抵制准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术术后干眼症状，而相关制剂还在研制过程中。中医药在干眼症的治疗方面存在独特的优势，讲究预防为主，辩证施治。展望未来，中西医结合将是治疗干眼症的发展方向。“,”The incidence of xerophthalmia is higher ,eye drops and tear substi‐tutes are main conventional therapy drugs for xerophthalmia and are widely used now .In recent years new treatment methods are often directly at the causes of xerophthalmia instead of simply relieving symptoms , antiinflammatory drugs could resist inflammation factors of xerophthalmia ,and common drugs include corticosteroids ,cyclosporine A ,nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and so on . Nerve grow th factors could effectively resist xerophthalmia symptoms after eximer laser in‐situ keratomile‐usis and correlated preparations are still in development process . T raditional Chinese medicines have u‐nique advantages in the treatment of xerophthalmia ,pay attention to prevention and to treatment based on syndrome differentiation .Looking to the future ,integrated Chinese‐Western therapy will be the develop‐ment direction of xerophthalmia treatment .