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头颈部皮肤癌为最常见的恶性肿物,美国每年报告的新病例约40万,虽然初期治疗能使93%皮肤基底细胞癌和鳞癌治愈,但仍有7%继续患病甚至死亡。其病因以光化性暴露最为重要,96%皮肤基底细胞癌发生在日光暴露最多部位。老年多,男多于女。遗传因素、早年用放射线治疗良性病变及烧伤后瘢痕形成或化学物吸入与暴露等均与发病有关。组织类型与肿物生长形式及预后有关。组织类型有鳞癌及皮肤基底细胞癌,后者有表浅型、坚实型、囊性型、腺样型、角化型、硬化型及变异型(鳞基底细胞癌)等亚型。不能控制的危险病例与组织类型、发病年龄和肿瘤发生部位有关。在复发癌中单纯的坚实型、硬化型或合并其
Head and neck skin cancer is the most common malignant tumor. About 400,000 new cases are reported each year in the United States. Although initial treatment can cure 93% of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, 7% of them continue to suffer from illness and even death. The most important cause of photochemical exposure is excision. Ninety-six percent of basal cell carcinomas of the skin occur in areas exposed to sunlight. There are many older people, more men than women. Genetic factors, early treatment of benign lesions with radiation and scar formation after burns, or chemical exposure and exposure are all associated with pathogenesis. The type of tissue is related to the growth form and prognosis of the tumor. Tissue types are squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma of the skin, the latter subtypes are superficial, solid, cystic, adenoid, keratoic, sclerotic, and variant (squamous cell carcinoma of the basal). Uncontrollable risk cases are related to tissue type, age of onset, and location of the tumor. In a recurrent cancer, it is a solid, hardened or merged