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近代中国蒙侮不断,国人对外侮的感觉和认识不断变化。鸦片战争之后一段时期,虽然国人认为科技不如西方,但仍然保持了典章制度(即政治、文化)的自信,“中国文武制度,事事远出于西人之上,独火器万不能及”(李鸿章语)。但这种自信在甲午败北后迅速崩溃,疑古反古风潮遂起,于是,国家衰败的责任便追究于政治(甲午战后到新文化运动前),再追究于文化(新文化运动时期)。
The humiliation and humiliation of modern China have made people's feelings and understanding of foreign aggression constantly changing. During the period after the Opium War, although people in China believed that science and technology were inferior to those in the West, they still maintained their self-confidence in the system of rules and regulations (that is, politics and culture). “The system of civil and military activities in China is far beyond the West and the firearms alone can not ”(Li Hung chapter). However, such self-confidence collapsed rapidly after the defeat of King A-ri and the anti-ancient wave of suspicion arose. Therefore, the responsibility of declining a nation was pursued in politics (before the Sino-Japanese War of 1894 to the new cultural movement) and then in culture (the period of the New Cultural Movement).