研究了贝氏体钢经高应力冲击磨损后，试样表层内的组织变化及裂纹形成与扩展特征。实验发现，高应力冲击磨损后，磨损试样表层形成高硬度的白层与变形层。在白层与变形层内均产生不同程度的损伤裂纹。受力后损伤裂纹将向基体内和白层内扩展。裂纹在白层内的快速扩展造成表面白层的脆性剥落。在实验的基础上，作者提出了高应力冲击磨损的白层剥落机制模型。 The microstructure evolution and crack formation and propagation in bainitic steels after high stress impact and wear were investigated. The experiment found that high-stress impact wear, wear the sample surface to form a high hardness white layer and deformation layer. In the white layer and the deformation layer have different degrees of damage cracks. After damage, the crack will expand into the matrix and the white layer. The rapid propagation of cracks in the white layer causes brittle flaking of the surface white layer. On the basis of experiments, the author put forward a model of white layer spalling mechanism with high stress impact and wear.