一、引言在液压工业中,蓄能器是一种使用极为广泛的动力元体。由于液压技术的不断发展,在某些场合,蓄能器已成为系统中关键性的元件。为此,国外对蓄能器研究开发工作做得较早,也较细。早在一八七一年,美国就有人对蓄能器做过研究,申请了最早的有关蓄能器的专利。以后,世界各国的液压工作者又研究了蓄能器的热力学过程;针对蓄能器的特定用途,设计了一 I. INTRODUCTION In the hydraulic industry, an accumulator is an extremely widely used power element. Due to the continuous development of hydraulic technology, accumulators have become the key components in the system on some occasions. To this end, foreign research and development of accumulators done earlier, but also smaller. As early as 1871, some people in the United States did research on accumulators and applied for the earliest patents on accumulators. Later, the hydraulic workers in various countries of the world studied the thermodynamic process of the accumulator. For the specific purpose of the accumulator, a