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易卜生的《群鬼》在不足24小时的剧情中展现了一个家庭悲剧。该剧的核心伦理事件即海伦苦心修建的阿尔文上尉孤儿院化为灰烬,从法国回来的儿子欧士华变为白痴,而连接所有事件的却是早已死去10年的父亲阿尔文。父亲身体的缺场与其象征物的在场交替出现是整个剧情的伦理线,而孤儿院的大火既是剧情的高潮,也是对所有伦理结的解构。海伦的伦理困境既引领着人们对伦理责任与“生活的乐趣”的思考,又揭露了鬼一样的社会环境与制度对个人与家庭的毒害。
Ibsen’s Ghosts show a family tragedy in less than 24 hours of plot. The drama’s core ethical event, Capt. Alvin, orphanage, painstakingly constructed by Helen, turned into an ashes. The son Oshkosh, who came back from France, became an idiot, and Alvin, the father of all who had already died for 10 years, became an idiot. The absence of the father’s body and the presence of its symbolic presence are the ethical lines of the whole story, and the fire in the orphanage is both the climax of the plot and the deconstruction of all ethical knots. Helen’s ethical predicament leads not only the thinking of ethical responsibility and “the pleasure of life ”, but also exposed the poison of individuals and families caused by the same social environment and system.