近年来,高考试题中多次出现有关空气对流运动的问题。笔者就相关的高考题查阅了许多资料,发现很多解释是模糊或错误的。究其原因,是对大气对流运动产生的原因了解不全面,认为只有空气受热膨胀才能形成对流。大气的垂直运动称为空气对流,对流运动产生的原因除了热力原因外,还有地形、锋面等动力原因。一、浮力作用产生对流在赤道附近和夏季的中纬度地区,太阳辐射强,白天地面升温快,近地面大气受热膨胀上升。如图1所 In recent years, the entrance examination questions appear many times on the issue of air convection movement. The author of the relevant college entrance examination access to a lot of information and found that many explanations are vague or wrong. The reason is that the understanding of the causes of atmospheric convection is not comprehensive, and that only the air is heated to form a convection. The vertical movement of the atmosphere is called air convection. Convection causes not only thermal reasons, but also terrain and frontal motivation. First, the buoyancy effect convection Near the equator and the mid-latitudes of summer, the solar radiation is strong, the surface temperature rises rapidly during the day, and the near-surface air heat expands and rises. As shown in Figure 1