为了知道腐蚀电位,常使用伏特计来测量结构与放在同一电解液中的参比电极之间的电压,测得的数据实际上是结构与参比电极的电位差。通常认为参比电极所建立的电位是绝对不变的,所以观察到的电位变化必定是发生在结构上。但事实并不总是如此,所观察到的电位变化也可能是由参比电极引起的。本文专门讨论影响参比电极电位的几个因素。 In order to know the corrosion potential, a voltmeter is often used to measure the voltage between the structure and the reference electrode in the same electrolyte. The measured data is actually the potential difference between the structure and the reference electrode. It is generally assumed that the potential established by the reference electrode is absolutely constant, so the observed change in potential must have taken place on the structure. However, this is not always the case, and the potential changes observed may also be caused by the reference electrode. This article focuses on several factors that affect the reference electrode potential.