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多发性硬化(MS)是一种中枢神经系统慢性炎性脱髓鞘疾病。研究资料表明遗传因素和环境因素共同作用导致该病的发生。MS的遗传易感性是由多个微效基因共同决定的。MHC与多发性硬化密切相关,它可通过抗原结合、递呈直接介导决定易患性。目前,MS的遗传机制并不十分清楚,一些基因位点可能参与疾病的启动,另一些基因位点可能影响疾病的进展,此特点有助于确定该病的基础病因,提高风险评估和影响治疗。
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Research data show that genetic factors and environmental factors lead to the occurrence of the disease. The genetic susceptibility of MS is determined by multiple genes. MHC and multiple sclerosis are closely related, it can be antigen-binding, presenting a direct mediator to determine the susceptibility. At present, the genetic mechanism of MS is not very clear, some gene loci may be involved in the initiation of the disease, while others may affect the progress of the disease, which may help to determine the underlying cause of the disease, improve the risk assessment and influence the treatment .