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心脏过敏反应是一种免疫球蛋白E抗体介导的Ⅰ型变态反应,主要表现为窦性心动过速、房室传导阻滞、异位节律增多等心律失常,以及收缩冠状动脉血管,最终导致急性心肌缺血和心功能不全。心脏过敏反应的机制尚未完全阐明。目前认为其机制为免疫球蛋白E抗体介导、T淋巴细胞依赖、肥大细胞脱颗粒、白细胞浸润为特征的过敏性炎症反应。其中T细胞的活化与免疫球蛋白E抗体的生成是致敏的关键步骤,免疫球蛋白E受体活化介导的炎症介质合成与释放则是其重要步骤,炎症介质合成与释放的程度则与相关基因的多态性有关。
Cardiac anaphylaxis is an immunoglobulin E antibody-mediated type I allergic reaction, mainly manifested as arrhythmia, such as sinus tachycardia, atrioventricular block, increased ectopic rhythm and the contraction of coronary vessels eventually leading to Acute myocardial ischemia and cardiac insufficiency. The mechanism of cardiac anaphylaxis has not been fully elucidated. At present, the mechanism is thought to be an allergic inflammatory reaction characterized by immunoglobulin E antibody-mediated, T-lymphocyte-dependent, mast cell degranulation and leukocyte infiltration. T cell activation and immunoglobulin E antibody production is the key step of sensitization, immunoglobulin E receptor-mediated inflammatory mediator synthesis and release is an important step, the degree of inflammatory mediators synthesis and release and Related gene polymorphism.