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一、农村社会保障现状分析90年代城乡最低生活保障制度的实行标志着以选择性的福利模式为主体的社会保障制度的初步确立。但自1998年政府机构改革,农村社会保障工作受管理体制改革、利息持续下调及中央关于农村社会养老保险政策变动的影响,全国大部分地区农村社会保障工作出现了参与人数下降、基金运行难度加大等方面的困难,一些地区农村社会保障工作甚至陷入停顿状态。目前,农村社会保障模式存在弊端,储蓄积累的模式尚未形成规模,社会保障基金的管理缺乏法律保障,难以增值和保值;农村社会保障的层次低、范围小、覆盖面窄,只有10%的农民参加了养老保险,部分地区以合作医疗的方式向农民提供医疗保障,但这些保障仅仅达到社区化,远未达到社会化,因而保障功能差。近年来,农村社会保障制度改革已经开始,部分省、区出台了有地方特色的社会保障制度框架。根据我国农村经济发展水平,现阶段的社会保障基本模式是以农民家庭自筹保障
I. Analysis of the Status Quo of Social Security in Rural Areas The implementation of the minimum living security system in urban and rural areas in the 1990s marked the initial establishment of a social security system that focused on selective welfare models. However, since the reform of government agencies in 1998, the reform of the management of social security in rural areas, the continuous downward adjustment of interest rates and the central government’s impact on the changes in rural social endowment insurance policies, the rural social security work in most parts of the country has seen a decline in the number of participants, Big and other difficulties. In some areas, social security work in rural areas has even stalled. At present, there are disadvantages in the rural social security model, the mode of accumulation has not yet formed scale, the social security fund management lacks legal protection, it is difficult to value-added and hedge; rural social security is low-level, small scope and narrow coverage, only 10% of farmers participate In the old-age insurance system, some areas provide medical insurance to farmers in the form of cooperative medical care. However, these guarantees have only reached the level of socialization and far from being socialized. As a result, their functions are poorly protected. In recent years, the reform of the rural social security system has begun. Some provinces and autonomous regions have promulgated the social security system framework with local characteristics. According to the level of rural economic development in our country, the basic mode of social security at this stage is the self-protection of peasant families