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167例胃癌标本中,161例(96.4％)具有不同程度的粘蛋白产生,其余3例未分化癌和3例特殊分化的肿瘤无粘蛋白产生。按产生粘蛋白种类多少可分胃癌为单一型和复合型。前者仅产生一种粘蛋白,后者可同时产生二种以上粘蛋白,占85.1％(137/161)。在高分化和低分化癌之间,粘蛋白的种类和类型的出现率无统计学意义(P>0.2)。大多数低分化癌同时具有细胞内和细胞外粘蛋白,几乎所有的低分化癌细胞都有细胞内粘蛋白产物。大多数高分化癌则只有细胞外分泌,偶见少数病例的柱状癌细胞产生细胞内粘蛋白。根据组织化学和超微结构的发现,具有细胞内分泌的癌细胞可分为:小粘液细胞、大粘液细胞、杯状粘液细胞和柱状粘液细胞。前三者主要见于低分化癌中,后者见于高分化癌中。电镜观察表明,癌细胞产生的粘蛋白颗粒可按不同形态和电子密度分为三型:Ⅰ型颗粒具有中央或偏位的高电子密度核样体,外包绕明显的单位膜结构;Ⅱ型由低电子密度的均质物质构成,表面亦有膜结构;Ⅲ型为均质高电子密度物质组成,无膜结构。Ⅰ、Ⅱ型远较Ⅲ型颗粒为多见。
Of the 167 gastric cancer specimens, 161 (96.4%) had varying degrees of mucin production. The remaining 3 undifferentiated and 3 differently differentiated tumors had no mucin production. According to the type of mucin produced, it can be divided into single type and complex type. The former produces only one kind of mucin, which can produce two or more mucins at the same time, accounting for 85.1% (137/161). There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of mucin types and types between highly differentiated and poorly differentiated cancers (P>0.2). Most poorly differentiated carcinomas have both intracellular and extracellular mucins, and almost all poorly differentiated cancer cells have intracellular mucin products. Most well-differentiated cancers have only extracellular secretion. Occasionally, a few cases of columnar cancer cells produce intracellular mucin. According to the discovery of histochemistry and ultrastructure, cancer cells with cell endocrine can be divided into: small mucinous cells, large mucinous cells, goblet mucous cells, and columnar mucinous cells. The first three are mainly found in poorly differentiated carcinomas, and the latter are found in well-differentiated carcinomas. Electron microscopic observations showed that the mucinous particles produced by cancer cells can be classified into three types according to different forms and electron densities: Type I particles have central or deviated high electron density karyoplasts surrounded by a distinct unit membrane structure; Type II consists of The low electron density homogenous material is composed of a membrane structure on the surface; Type III is a homogeneous high electron density material and has no membrane structure. Types I and II are more common than type III particles.