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50年前已发现维生素D(V_D)是预防佝偻病的重要营养素,迄今逐渐证明,V_D不仅参与内分泌系统对骨及无机盐代谢的调节,而且参与调节细胞代谢的基本过程. 经多种方法研究证实,1,25(OH)_2D_2受体(靶细胞内的微量蛋白)分布于小肠及骨组织,而且存在于脑、肝、肾、皮肤、生殖系、内分泌腺及某些免疫细胞等大量潜在靶器官。静止的T及B淋巴细胞内没有1,25(OH)_2D_3受体,而激活的及恶化淋巴细胞已证明它的存在。不论是否激活,巨噬细胞内均有1,25(OH)_2D_3受体。
Vitamin D (V_D) was discovered 50 years ago as an important nutrient for preventing rickets. It has been gradually proven so far that V_D is not only involved in the regulation of bone and inorganic salt metabolism in the endocrine system, but also involved in the regulation of basic processes of cellular metabolism. ,1,25(OH)_2D_2 receptors (micro-proteins in target cells) are distributed in small intestine and bone tissue, and exist in a large number of potential targets such as brain, liver, kidney, skin, germline, endocrine glands, and certain immune cells. organ. There are no 1,25(OH)2D3 receptors in resting T and B lymphocytes, and activated and deteriorating lymphocytes have demonstrated its presence. Whether activated or not, there are 1,25(OH)_2D_3 receptors in macrophages.