AIM: To analyze possible relationships between CA IX/ CA XII and pVHL expression in normal and neoplastic colorectal mucosa. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining of 42 tissue specimens obtained from 17 cancer patients was performed to evaluate the distribution and semi-quantitatively assess the levels of CA IX, CA XII and pVHL. VHL mRNAs from 14 fresh-frozen tumors was amplified by RT-PCR and subjected to sequencing. CA9 and G412mRNA levels were analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR in comparison with VEGFas an indicator of hypoxia that uncouples the pVHL control. RESULTS: Tumor tissues were associated with a borderline increase of CA IX staining signal and slight but significant decrease of CA XII immunoreactivity, whereas no association was found for pVHL. Sequence analysis of RT-PCR-amplified VHL mRNAs revealed no deletions/ mutations, suggesting that they were VHL-competent. We did not observe any correlation between pVHL and CA IX/CA XII proteins as well as between MEGFand CA9 mRNAs, but the tumor-associated changes in mRNA levels of VEGFand CA12 showed a significant inverse relationship. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that CA9and CA12 are regulated by different intratumoral factors and that lack of apparent relationship between the levels of CA IX/CA XII and pVHL cannot be fully assigned to uncoupling of negative regulatory function of pVHL by tumor hypoxia signified by induced VEGF transcription. The interplay between the functional pVHL and CA IX/CA XII in colorectal tumors seems rather complex and is not evident merely at the expression levels. AIM: To analyze possible relationships between CA IX / CA XII and pVHL expression in normal and neoplastic colorectal mucosa. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining of 42 tissue specimens obtained from 17 cancer patients was performed to evaluate the distribution and semi-quantitatively assess the levels of CA IX, CA XII and pVHL. VHL mRNAs were amplified by 14 fresh-frozen tumors was amplified by RT-PCR and subjected to sequencing. CA9 and G412 mRNA levels were analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR in comparison with VEGFas an indicator of hypoxia that uncouples the pVHL control. RESULTS: Tumor tissues were associated with a borderline increase of CA IX staining signal and slight but significant decrease of CA XII immunoreactivity, no association found for pVHL. Sequence analysis of RT-PCR-amplified VHL mRNAs revealed no deletions / mutations, suggesting that they were VHL-competent. We did not observe any correlation between pVHL and CA IX / CA XII proteins as well as between MEGFand CA9 mRN CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that CA9 and CA12 are regulated by different intratumoral factors and that lack the apparent relationship between the levels of CA IX / CA XII and pVHL can not be fully assigned to uncoupling of negative regulatory function of pVHL by tumor hypoxia signified by induced VEGF transcription. The interplay between the functional pVHL and CA IX / CA XII in colorectal tumors seems rather complex and is not evident merely at the expression levels.