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地理学一贯重视的地带性差异同样可以用于讨论我国的经济体制改革。我国经济体制改革的模式是“体制外”的增量改革,即在改革之初绕开了计划经济体制内的国有经济和国有经济中错综复杂的矛盾而大力推进各种非国有经济成分的发展。在非国有经济成分得到比较充分的发展之后,特别是在获得了承受改革成本的能力之后才开始在1990年代的中期以后对国有经济进行改革。空间上的过程则是首先在“体制内负担小、体制外条件好”的东部沿海地带推进非国有经济的发展,使那里的经济迅速发展之后推动其他地带。这个模式获得成功的根本原因,一是非国有经济成分的发展选择了劳动密集型产业,因而提供了大量的新增就业和政府税收,二是体制外增量弥补了体制内的减量,即国有经济释放出来的大量失业。但是沿海地带成功的模式在其他地带的实践却并不顺利,沿海地带的发展在很多方面压抑着其他地带的改革和发展。文章分析了沿海地带对资源和就业岗位的垄断,提出其他地带不能一成不变地按沿海地带的模式进行改革,其他地带改革的内容和重点应该有所不同。
The same zonal differences that geography attaches to can also be used to discuss China’s economic structural reform. The mode of our country’s economic system reform is the incremental reform of “outside the system”, that is, by opening up the intricate contradictions in the state-owned economy and the state-owned economy within the planned economic system during the reform, and vigorously promoting various non-state-owned economic components development of. After the non-state-owned economy has been fully developed, especially after it has obtained the ability to withstand the cost of reform, it has begun to reform the state-owned economy after the middle of the 1990s. The spatial process is to first promote the development of the non-state-owned economy in the eastern coastal areas where the burden on the system is small and the conditions outside the system are good, and promote the development of other areas after the rapid economic development there. The fundamental reason for the success of this model is that the development of non-state-owned sectors of the economy has chosen labor-intensive industries and thus provided a large amount of new jobs and government taxes. Second, the extra-institutional increment has made up for the reduction within the system, namely, state-owned Large amount of unemployment was released from the economy. However, the success of the coastal zone has not been fully implemented in other regions. The development of the coastal zone has, in many aspects, suppressed the reform and development in other regions. The article analyzes the monopoly of resources and jobs in the coastal zone, proposes that other zones can not be unilaterally reformed according to the model of the coastal zone, and the contents and priorities of other zones should be different.