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戏曲作为一门在舞台上进行表演的综合艺术,不能片刻离开观众,同时它也造就了一代又一代的观众。观众欣赏戏曲的过程,不是消极的,被动的,而是一种被引导的积极的创造性思维的过程。在进入这一过程以前,观众的心理不是一片空白,而是处于一种准备状态,即具备了一定的心理定势。所谓心理定势,就是指主体“进行特殊思维过程”的准备状态。心理定势的诸因素,无论是生活经验、价值观念、政治信仰、人格、情趣、文化素养、情绪、心境、需要、动机,都是历史的产物,是人类以往活动的产
As a comprehensive art performing on stage, opera can not leave the audience in a moment, and it also creates generations of spectators. The audience’s appreciation of the process of drama is not negative, passive, but a guided creative positive thinking process. Before entering this process, the audience’s psychology is not a blank, but in a state of preparation, that is, have a certain psychological set. The so-called psychological fixed, refers to the main “special thinking process” of the readiness. Psychological factors, whether life experience, values, political beliefs, personality, taste, cultural accomplishment, mood, mood, needs, motives, are the product of history, the activities of mankind in the past