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在水电站坝内钢管及周围坝体的应力和强度分析中,通常将混凝土作为线弹性体。但是,用现代技术测得的混凝土轴心受拉应力应变全过程曲线证明,混凝土具有相当大的塑性软化性能。作者通过6组坝内钢管仿真材料模型试验,得到如下结论:混凝土的塑性性质对于坝内埋管这类结构(混凝土内拉应力呈集中状态)的承载力,与线弹性分析结果比较,超载系数明显增大,约为2.5～6.9,最大应变的平均值达720×10~(-6)。笔者认为,若将这一原理应用于工程设计中,必将会取得显著的技术经济效益。
In the analysis of the stress and strength of the steel pipe around the dam and the surrounding dam, concrete is usually used as the linear elastomer. However, the whole process of concrete axis measured by modern technology proves that the concrete has considerable plastic-softening performance. The authors obtained the following conclusions through six groups of steel tube simulation material model tests in dam: The plasticity of the concrete Compared with the linear elastic analysis results, the bearing capacity of such structures in the dam (the tensile stress in the concrete is concentrated), the overload coefficient Significantly increased, about 2.5 ~ 6.9, the average maximum strain of 720 × 10 ~ (-6). The author believes that if this principle is applied to engineering design, it will certainly achieve significant technical and economic benefits.