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第六讲均衡价格与供给函数均衡价格西方经济学的微观分析是从价格和产量的确定入手的。价格一般来说是两种力量决定的:一种力量是与商品的需求有关;另一种力量与生产成本和供给有关。我们在讨论这两类力量的交互作用如何决定均衡价格与产量之前,先着重分析这两类力量本身的运动规律。在前几讲中,我们介绍了有关消费者选择的理论,包括需求概念,需求函数,需求弹性,边际效用学说及消费者行为理论等。现在,我们将转到介绍生产者理论。包括供给函数,供给弹性,产量行为,成本分析以及规模报酬原则等等,在系统介绍生产理论之前,还
Lecture 6 Balanced Price and Supply Function Equilibrium Price The microscopic analysis of western economics begins with the determination of price and output. The price is generally determined by two forces: one is related to the demand of the commodity; and the other is related to the production cost and supply. Before we discuss how the interaction of these two forces determines the equilibrium price and output, we first focus on the laws of movement of these two forces. In the previous few talks, we introduced the theory of consumer choice, including the concept of demand, demand function, demand elasticity, the theory of marginal utility and consumer behavior theory. Now, we will go on to introduce the theory of producers. Including supply function, supply elasticity, yield behavior, cost analysis and scale remuneration principle, etc. Before introducing the production theory systematically