This paper discusses the dynamic behavior and its predictions for a simulated traffic flow based on the nonlinear response of a vehicle to the leading cars movement in a single lane.Traffic chaos is a promising field,and chaos theory has been applied to identify and predict its chaotic movement.A simulated traffic flow is generated using a car-following model(GM model),and the distance between two cars is investigated for its dynamic properties.A positive Lyapunov exponent confirms the existence of chaotic behavior in the GM model.A new algorithm using a RBF NN (radial basis function neural network) is proposed to predict this traffic chaos.The experiment shows that the chaotic degree and predictable degree are determined by the first Lyapunov exponent.The algorithm proposed in this paper can be generalized to recognize and predict the chaos of short-time traffic flow series.