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紫菜头又名红菜头、火焰菜、根甜菜和红黍菜,为直根系深根性植物。肉质根呈球形,内外均为紫红色,颜色艳丽。肉质根直径5厘米～10厘米,单根重200克左右,纤维少,质柔嫩,茎短缩,到第2年春夏之间抽生花茎,高达130厘米左右。叶卵圆形,有光泽,叶片、叶脉、叶柄及肉质根均是紫红色。圆锥花序,在小穗花序上轮生着3朵～5朵两性花,花小,淡绿色。通过风媒传花授粉,种子肾形,棕色,很小,千粒重13克左右。
Laver head, also known as red head, flame dishes, root beet and red millet dishes, root direct root deep plant. Fleshy root was spherical, inside and outside are purple, bright colors. Fleshy root diameter of 5 cm to 10 cm, a single weight of about 200 grams, less fiber, soft quality, short stems, to the first two years between spring and summer pumping stems, up to 130 cm or so. Leaves oval, shiny, leaves, veins, petiole and fleshy roots are purple. Panicles, on spikelets inflorescence with 3 ~ 5 bisexual flowers, flowers small, light green. Flower pollination through the wind, the seed kidney-shaped, brown, small, grain weight of about 13 grams.