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继抗菌素的化学改造取得了巨大成就之后,近几年来抗菌素的生物改造逐渐引起了人们的重视。目前抗菌素生物改造的研究正从三个方面进行:改变产生菌的遗传性使之合成不同的抗菌素;用微生物酶的作用改变抗菌素的某些功能基团,即所谓“微生物转化”;在培养基中加入某些前体物质或抑制剂等,以改变所产生的抗菌素。本文仅介绍用遗传学方法改造抗菌素的有关研究概况,其他两个方面的工作已有一些综述报道,本文不作讨论。
Following the great achievements made in the chemical modification of antibiotics, the biological modification of antibiotics has drawn more and more attention in recent years. At present, the research on the biological modification of antibiotics is going on in three aspects: changing the inheritance of producing bacteria to synthesize different antibiotics; changing certain functional groups of antibiotics by the action of microbial enzymes, so-called “microbial transformation”; in the culture medium Add some precursors or inhibitors to change the antibiotics produced. This article only introduces the general situation of genetics research on the reform of antibiotics, the other two aspects of the work have been some of the review reports, this article is not for discussion.