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目的:利用超临界CO2流体萃取技术及气象色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术提取并分析四叶参挥发油成分。方法:利用超临界CO2流体萃取技术,从四叶参中萃取挥发油并进行工艺优化。用GC-MS技术对其化学成分进行分析,并采用面积归一化法确定其百分含量。结果:四叶参挥发油超临界CO2流体萃取的最佳提取工艺为:萃取温度40℃,萃取压力20 MPa,萃取时间3 h,萃取得率1.21%。利用GC-MS联用技术鉴定出46种化合物,其中组分含量最高的是A-菠菜甾醇15.71%,其次是1,4-Dimethyl-8-isopropylidenetricyclo[5.3.0.0(4,10)]decane 13.64%,再次是反式角鲨烯12.12%,然后是亚油酸甲酯11.45%,D7-菠菜甾醇10.52%,这几个成分占四叶参挥发油总量的63.44%。结论:该方法优化了四叶参挥发油的提取工艺并对其成分进行了定性分析,为四叶参的综合开发利用奠定了基础。
OBJECTIVE: To extract and analyze the constituents of the essential oil of Cucumber Leaves using supercritical CO2 fluid extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Methods: The supercritical CO2 fluid extraction technology was used to extract the volatile oil from four leaf ginseng and optimize its technology. The chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS and the area percentage was determined by area normalization. Results: The optimum extraction conditions for SFE-CO2 extraction of volatile oil were as follows: extraction temperature 40 ℃, extraction pressure 20 MPa, extraction time 3 h, extraction rate 1.21%. Forty-six compounds were identified by GC-MS, with the highest content of A-spinach sterol 15.71%, followed by 1,4-Dimethyl-8-isopropylidenetricyclo [5.3.0.0 (4,10)] decane 13.64 %, Again trans-squalene 12.12%, then 11.45% of methyl linoleate, 10.52% of D7-spinach sterol, these ingredients accounted for 63.44% of the total amount of the four leaf essential oil. CONCLUSION: This method optimizes the extraction process of the essential oil of four leaf ginseng and qualitatively analyzes its components, which lays the foundation for the comprehensive development and utilization of four leaf ginseng.