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目的:通过回顾性分析云南省德宏州2015—2017年新报告HIV感染者中的病毒学和免疫学检测指标的分布情况，探索将常规的HIV感染检测结果用于辅助综合判定HIV新发感染检测的可行性。方法:收集德宏州2015—2017年新报告HIV感染者样本1 152份，通过抗体亲和力实验判定新近感染者和长期感染者，并分析两组感染者中CD4n ＋T细胞计数、病毒载量值、抗体酶联免疫反应S/CO值、以及免疫印迹实验出现p31条带的结果。进一步分析应用不同的检测指标进行新发感染综合判定得到的结果。n 结果:1 152例新报告HIV感染者中通过抗体亲和力实验判定205例为新近感染者，947例为长期感染者。新近感染者中CD4n ＋T细胞计数20的比例、免疫印迹实验出现p31条带的比例均显著低于长期感染者。抗体亲和力实验结合CD4n ＋T细胞计数<200个/μl或病毒载量检测值<1 000 CPs/ml的新发感染综合判定策略可分别区分出30例和31例误判的新近感染者；抗体亲和力实验同时结合CD4n ＋T细胞计数<200个/μl和病毒载量检测值<1 000 CPs/ml的新发感染综合判定策略可区分出60例误判的新近感染者。n 结论:常规HIV检测结果可用于辅助新发感染抗体亲和力实验结果综合判断新近感染，新发感染综合判定策略可以提高新近感染者判定的准确性。“,”Objective:The result of virological and immunological testing in newly diagnosed HIV cases identified in Dehong prefecture of Yunnan province from 2015 to 2017 was analyzed retrospectively to examine the feasibility of using routine HIV testing result in recent infection testing algorism (RITA).Methods:HIV recently tested result and routine HIV testing result were collected from 1 152 newly diagnosed HIV cases between 2015 and 2017 in Dehong prefecture of Yunnan province, the limiting antigen avidity enzyme immunoassay (LAg-EIA) was used to determine the recent infection and long-term infection. And the distribution of CD4n + T cell count, viral load, the S/CO value of antibody enzyme-linked immunological reaction (ELISA) and p31 bands appeared in Western blotting assay (WB) were analyzed in the recently infected HIV cases and long-term infected cases. Further, different RITAs integrating routine HIV testing result were compared in their capacity to determine the recently infected cases.n Results:Among 1 152 newly diagnosed HIV cases, 205 recently infected cases and 947 long-term infected cases were determined by LAg-EIA. The proportion of CD4n + T cell count 20, and the proportion of appearing p31 band in WB in recently infected HIV cases were significantly lower than those in long-term infected HIV cases. The RITAs that integrating LAg-EIA with the reclassification criteria of CD4n + T cell count <200 cells/μl or viral load value <1 000 copies (CPs)/ml reclassified 30 cases and 31 cases as long-term infection, respectively. The RITA that integrating LAg-EIA with both the reclassification criteria of CD4 n + T cell count <200 cells/μl and viral load value <1 000 CPs/ml reclassified 60 cases as long-term infection.n Conclusions:Routine HIV testing result can be integrated in RITA, and RITA can improve the accuracy of identifying recent HIV infection.