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血源性成纤维细胞来自骨髓,可表达一些通常造血祖细胞属性的表面抗原,同时有和未成熟间质细胞相似的表型和功能特征。依据机体对环境刺激的反应和局部浸润的细胞类型及不同的细胞因子环境,血源性成纤维细胞可局部组织显示强烈的促炎症活性或促纤维化活性。过敏性哮喘患者每次遭受过敏原暴露或病毒感染时,成纤维细胞即从骨髓中迁出并被募集至气道组织;而募集的成纤维细胞可放大由Th2细胞因子驱使的炎症反应,并有利于病毒的复制,进一步加重病毒感染引发的炎症。在未治疗的慢性哮喘和激素不敏感的哮喘患者中可观察到持续性外周血成纤维细胞计数升高及气道纤维细胞浸润,而这和不良预后的风险增加有关。究其原因,成纤维细胞主要涉及气道结构异常的进展,而后者导致患者慢性气流受限。因此,外周血成纤维细胞计数是一种新发现的哮喘控制和疾病预后的生物学标记,作为一种新的结果检测方法,它的临床应用还需要大样本临床研究去评估。
Blood-derived fibroblasts are derived from the bone marrow and express some of the surface antigens that are typically hematopoietic progenitor properties, with similar phenotypic and functional characteristics as immature stromal cells. Based on the response of the body to environmental stimuli and the type of cells infiltrated locally and the different cytokine environment, the blood-derived fibroblasts may show strong proinflammatory or fibrotic activity locally. Each time an allergic asthmatic patient suffers from allergen exposure or viral infection, fibroblasts migrate from the bone marrow and are recruited to airway tissue; and recruited fibroblasts amplify the inflammatory response driven by Th2 cytokines and Is conducive to the replication of the virus, further aggravating inflammation caused by virus infection. Persistent increase in peripheral blood fibroblast counts and airway fibroblast infiltration were observed in untreated chronic asthma and hormone insensitive asthmatics, which was associated with an increased risk of poor prognosis. The reason for this is that fibroblasts are primarily involved in the abnormal progression of airway structure, which in turn leads to chronic air flow restriction in patients. Therefore, peripheral blood fibroblast count is a newly discovered biological marker of asthma control and prognosis of disease. As a new detection method of outcome, its clinical application still needs a large sample of clinical studies to evaluate.