子宫内膜异位症(EM)发病机制的研究表明,经血逆流是诱因,“黏附-侵袭-血管形成”是EM病灶形成的病理生理过程。EM的发生是在位内膜的特质性决定的;免疫功能异常、多种细胞活性因子在EM的发生发展中起了重要的作用,所以提出了在位内膜学说、免疫学说及遗传学说等,从不同的方面阐述了EM的发病机制。现就EM的发病机制的研究进展进行综述,为寻求更新更完善的治疗方法提供思路。 Studies on the pathogenesis of endometriosis (EM) show that menstrual flow is the predisposing factor, and “adhesion-invasion-angiogenesis” is the pathophysiological process of the formation of EM lesions. The occurrence of EM is determined by the nature of the endometrium; immune dysfunction, a variety of cell activity factors play an important role in the occurrence and development of EM, so put forward the eutopic endometrium, immune theory and genetics, etc. , From different aspects elaborated the pathogenesis of EM. The progress of the pathogenesis of EM is reviewed, providing ideas for seeking newer and more complete treatment methods.