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形状记忆合金是一种新颖的功能材料,其主要特性是:合金由母相冷却转变为马氏体,在马氏体态形变后,当升到一定温度(AS以上)时,就会完全恢复母相形状。如果合金经加热逆转变后不但恢复母相形状(单程记忆效应),而且在随后的冷却中对马氏体形状也能记忆,就称为双程记忆效应。形状记忆合金的发现,为探索新材料开拓了一个崭新的领域。很多国家正在进行理论研究和开发应用。本文就形状记忆合金的性能及其应用,作一简明阐述。
Shape memory alloy is a novel functional material whose main features are: the alloy is transformed from mother phase cooling to martensite, and after the martensite deformation, when it reaches a certain temperature (above AS), the mother will be completely recovered Phase shape. If the alloy is heated reverse transformation not only to restore the shape of the mother (one-way memory effect), but also in the subsequent cooling of the martensite shape can remember, called the two-way memory effect. The discovery of shape memory alloys has opened up a whole new field for exploring new materials. Many countries are conducting theoretical research and development applications. In this paper, shape memory alloy performance and its application, made a concise description.