默会知识在人类认识的各个层次上都起着主导性的作用。默会知识的概念是匈牙利裔英国哲学家波兰尼于1958年在其《个体知识》一书中提出的。他首次将知识分为明晰知识和默会知识,并描述了它们不同的特征。明晰知识可以通过学习、模仿、记忆而获得;而默会知识是通过一定的实践、经验并从中领悟得来的,虽然可以被传 Tacit knowledge plays a leading role at all levels of human understanding. The concept of tacit knowledge is Hungarian-British philosopher Polanyi in 1958 in his “individual knowledge” in a book. For the first time, he divided knowledge into clear knowledge and tacit knowledge, and described their different characteristics. Clear knowledge can be obtained through learning, imitation and memory; while tacit knowledge is acquired through certain practices, experiences and understandings, though it can be transmitted