Axl是受体酪氨酸激酶TAM（Tyro3、Axl、Mertk）家族中的一员，在非小细胞肺癌、胃癌、乳腺癌和白血病等多种类型的肿瘤中表达上调。过表达并活化的Axl可参与驱动上皮细胞向间质转化、肿瘤血管生成、对放化疗和靶向药物耐药以及降低抗肿瘤免疫反应等过程，从而成为预测肿瘤预后的生物标志物和抗肿瘤治疗的靶点。文章从Axl的结构和活化、Axl与白血病耐药和预后的关系以及靶向Axl的药物3个方面进行综述。“,”Axl, a member of receptor tyrosine kinase TAM (Tyro3, Axl and Mertk) family, has been found to be up-regulated in various types of tumors such as non-small cell lung cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer and leukemia. Overexpression and activation of Axl can participate in the processes of promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, tumor angiogenesis, resistance to chemoradiotherapy and targeted drugs, and decreasing anti-tumor immune response, thus it becomes a biomarker for predicting tumor prognosis and target for anti-tumor therapy. This article reviews the structure and activation of Axl, the relationship of Axl with drug resistance and prognosis of leukemia, and the Axl-targeted drugs.