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目的:调查西安地区乳牙融合牙的发生率、分布特点及牙列变化情况。方法:采用流行病学调查方法,对西安市15所幼儿园的3488名3~6岁儿童进行口腔检查,对融合牙患儿进行曲面断层片检查和模型分析。结果:3488名儿童中乳牙融合牙发生率为1.95%,男女性别之间无统计学差异;主要发生于下颌前牙区,占91.18%,单侧型居多,占91.18%。在68例融合牙患儿中,有6例为双侧融合,且对称分布,比例为8.82%。乳牙列间隙中灵长间隙发生率最高,约为47.06%,其次为混合间隙44.12%。末端平面类型中双侧型占69.12%,混合型占30.88%。下颌单侧融合牙者,上颌牙齿总宽度没有明显变化;下颌总宽度较正常牙列牙齿总宽度小约2 mm。结论:乳牙融合牙有一定的发生率,且对牙列间隙、牙齿宽度、和牙弓宽径发育造成一定的影响,儿童口腔专业医生应予重视,定期观察,预防各种错牙合畸形的发生。
Objective: To investigate the incidence rate, distribution and change of dentition in deciduous teeth in Xi’an. Methods: A total of 3488 children aged 3 to 6 years old from 15 kindergartens in Xi’an City were examined by epidemiological method. The children with fused teeth were examined by surface tomography and model analysis. Results: The incidence rate of deciduous teeth in 3488 children was 1.95%. There was no significant difference between male and female. The incidence was mainly in the mandibular anterior region, accounting for 91.18%. The majority of unilateral teeth were 91.18%. In 68 cases of children with fusion teeth, 6 cases were bilateral fusion, and symmetrical distribution, the ratio was 8.82%. The highest incidence of primate gap in the interdental space was 47.06%, followed by 44.12% of the intervening gap. Bilateral type of terminal planar type accounted for 69.12%, mixed accounted for 30.88%. Mandibular unilateral fusion of teeth, the total width of the maxillary teeth did not change significantly; mandibular total width of the total width of normal dentition less about 2 mm. Conclusion: There is a certain incidence of fusion teeth in deciduous teeth, and the dentition gap, tooth width, and width of dental arch have a certain impact, children’s oral doctors should pay attention to regular observation and prevention of malocclusion occur.