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中文一般以“游牧”和“游牧民”对译英文中的nomadism和nomad。然而,池上二良、杉山正明和郭静云等学者认为,nomadism或nomad仅有“游”的意思,而无“畜牧”之意,从而主张选词翻译。在中国古文献中,游牧一词,词义清晰,既指移动性,又有畜牧之义,最初并不带有任何民族性的含义,只是因为异民族的生产生活方式恰好符合这个词的词义,才被贴上了民族的标签。以斯基泰人为例梳理相关古希腊文献,可以发现古希腊文nomades在具体语境中词义偏重有所不同,然其词义总体上仍是“游”“牧”兼有,并非特指一端。综合考虑,目前以游牧来对译nomadism,以游牧民来对应翻译nomad是比较合适的。
Chinese generally uses “nomadism” and “nomadic people” to translate nomadism and nomad in English. However, scholars such as Chihiro Ikegami, Sugiyama Sugimoto and Guo Jingyun think that nomadism or nomad only means “travel” without the meaning of “animal husbandry”, thus advocating the choice of word translation. In ancient Chinese literature, the word nomadic, with a clear semantic meaning, refers not only to mobility but also to the meaning of livestock husbandry. Originally, it did not carry any nationality meaning, simply because the production and life style of a different nation exactly matched the meaning of the word, Was labeled the national label. The case of Eskisehti combs the relevant ancient Greek literature and finds that the ancient Greek nomades are somewhat different in terms of meaning in specific contexts. However, the meaning of the meaning is generally “” Refers to one end. Taken together, the current nomadism to translate nomadism, nomads to nomad translation is more appropriate.