论文部分内容阅读
利尿药主要用于消除水肿。水肿虽可分为心性、肾性、肝性和内分泌性等多种类型,但都表现有细胞间液的增加。一般临床能查出的水肿,细胞间液至少增加二升以上,而钠潴留是细胞间液增加的主要因素。中西医治疗水肿的主要途径之一,是采用利尿药以促进肾脏排泄过剩的钠和水。近十年来,利尿药及其药理发展迅速,自1957年后,出现了三类新型的利尿药:1.噻嗪类及其同效药;2.留钾类利尿药;3.强效速效类利尿药。它们各具有一定的特点和不同的临床价值。新的利尿药的不断涌现,虽然已满足了临床治疗各种水肿的要求,但长期应用
Diuretics are mainly used to eliminate edema. Although edema can be divided into heart, kidney, liver and endocrine and other types, but all showed an increase in intercellular fluid. General clinical edema can be found, the intercellular fluid increased at least two liters or more, and sodium retention is the main factor in increased intercellular fluid. Western medicine treatment of edema, one of the main ways is to use diuretics to promote excess renal excretion of sodium and water. Over the past decade, diuretics and its pharmacology have developed rapidly. Since 1957, three types of new diuretics have emerged: 1. thiazides and their equivalents; 2. potassium-retaining diuretics; 3. potent and quick-acting Diuretic drugs. They each have certain characteristics and different clinical values. The continuous emergence of new diuretics, although it has met the requirements of clinical treatment of various edema, but long-term use