学科的形成在于特定的知识类型为基础的知识论以及方法论。马克思主义理论与思想政治教育的知识论并不是认知型的知识论,而是理解型的知识论(包括解释型和扩展型的知识论)。同样,马克思主义理论和思想政治教育专业的方法论也不是面向求知的“认知型”的方法论,而是教育实践型方法论,即“理性的学理分析型”的教育方法论。 The formation of disciplines is based on a particular type of knowledge-based epistemology and methodology. The epistemology of Marxist theory and ideological and political education is not a cognitive epistemology, but an understanding epistemology (including explanatory and extended epistemologies). Similarly, the methodology of Marxist theory and ideological and political education is not a “cognitive type” methodology for seeking knowledge, but rather an educational methodology of education, a “rational academic analysis” approach to education.