目的 :研究原发性高血压 (EH)对大动脉结构和功能的影响 ,选择能反映EH患者预后的敏感指标。方法 :对 6 4例EH患者和 36例正常人在二维超声下分别检测主动脉及股动脉内膜、收缩期及舒张期内径 ,并计算血管壁 /腔径比、血管壁 /腔径面积比等反映血管结构改变的指标 ,并利用彩色多普勒超声仪测量主 股动脉脉搏波速度 ,并计算动脉扩张性和顺应性等反映动脉功能的指标。结果 :反映血管结构的内膜中层厚度、血管腔径、血管腔径面积及血管壁 /腔径比及血管壁 /腔径面积比 ,EH组显著高于正常组 ,而反映大动脉缓冲功能的主动脉 股动脉脉搏波速度EH组也显著高于正常组 ,甚至在校正了年龄、性别、体重指数、心率、吸烟等影响因素后 ,差异依然存在。结论 :高血压所致大动脉重构表现为动脉结构和功能的改变 ,早期发现这些改变对预防和治疗高血压有积极的作用 ,而主动脉 股动脉脉搏波速度可以较早并准确的反映大动脉功能的减退 ,为临床提供了一个重要的无创性指标 Objective: To study the effect of essential hypertension (EH) on the structure and function of aorta and to select the sensitive index that can reflect the prognosis of EH patients. Methods: The intima, systolic and diastolic diameters of the aorta and femoral artery were detected in 64 EH patients and 36 normal controls by two-dimensional ultrasonography. The ratio of vessel wall / lumen diameter, area of ​​vessel wall / lumen And other indicators reflect the changes in vascular structure, and the use of color Doppler ultrasound pulse wave velocity measurement of the main femoral artery, arterial expansion and compliance and other indicators to reflect arterial function. Results: The intima-media thickness, lumen diameter, lumen area, vessel wall / lumen ratio and vessel wall / lumen area ratio of vascular structure were significantly higher in EH group than those in normal group Arterial femoral artery pulse wave velocity EH group was also significantly higher than the normal group, even after the correction of age, gender, body mass index, heart rate, smoking and other influencing factors, the difference still exists. CONCLUSION: Hypertension-induced remodeling of aortic arteries shows changes in arterial structure and function. Early detection of these changes has a positive effect on the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Aortic arterial pulse wave velocity can reflect earlier and accurately the function of the aorta Decline, providing an important non-invasive clinical indicators