《义务教育数学课程标准》(2011版)把原来的“空间与图形”板块改为“图形与几何”。课标进行这样的修改并不是简单的名称上的改变,而是一种教学理念的转变。小学生的思维以形象思维为主,图形是学生在学习几何知识中最能够直接感受到的,是学习几何知识的基础,更是形成空间观念的基础。因此,在图形与几何初步知识教学中,要关注小学生对图形表象的正确建立,并以此为切入点促进学生空间观念的提升。一、通过迁移对比,形成图形表象建构主义心理学研究表明,学习的过程是原有的知识不断同化新知识的过 The Standard of Compulsory Education Mathematics Curriculum (2011 Edition) changed the original “space and graphics” section to “graphics and geometry”. Curriculum standards for such changes is not a simple change in name, but a change in teaching philosophy. The thinking of primary school students is mainly based on the image thinking. The figure is the most directly perceivable to the students in the study of geometric knowledge. It is the basis for learning the geometric knowledge and the basis for forming the concept of space. Therefore, we should pay attention to the correct establishment of the graphic representation of pupils in the initial teaching of graphics and geometry, and use this as a starting point to promote the promotion of students’ space concepts. First, through the transfer of contrast, the formation of a graphical representation Constructivism Psychology Research shows that the process of learning is the original knowledge of the assimilation of new knowledge