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目的探讨湖北省城乡地区早产与怀孕季节和出生季节的相关性关系。方法分析2006-2012年湖北省2个区县的以人群为基础收集的围产儿监测数据,统计不同怀孕和出生季节的早产数,分析在城乡地区怀孕和出生季节对早产发生的影响。采用Stata 12统计软件对数据进行统计学分析,两组对比的观察指标使用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计意义。结果婴儿的不同出生季节对早产有影响,差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.19,P=0.00),婴儿的出生在夏季相对于秋季来说更容易出现早产[OR=1.34(1.15~1.56)],婴儿的出生在春季相对于秋季来说更容易早产[OR=1.29(1.10~1.52)],婴儿出生在冬季相对于秋季来说更容易出现早产[OR=1.27(1.09~1.48)],城市相对于乡村容易早产[OR=1.74(1.55~1.95)]。结论早产与孕妇怀孕季节以及儿童出生季节有关,孕妇怀孕季节以及儿童出生季节对早产的影响在城乡地区是有差异的,城市地区孕妇比乡村地区孕妇更容易早产,城市孕妇在春季和夏季容易早产。
Objective To explore the relationship between preterm birth and pregnancy and birth seasons in urban and rural areas of Hubei Province. Methods The perinatal monitoring data collected in two districts and counties of Hubei Province from 2006 to 2012 were analyzed. The number of preterm births in different pregnancy and birth seasons were calculated. The effects of pregnancy and birth season on preterm birth in urban and rural areas were analyzed. Data were statistically analyzed using Stata 12 statistical software. Chi-square test was used to compare the two groups. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The infants’ birth season had a significant effect on preterm birth (χ2 = 15.19, P = 0.00). Infant’s birth was more likely to be premature in summer than in autumn [OR = 1.34 (1.15-1.56)] (OR = 1.29 (1.10-1.52)). Infants born in winter were more likely to have premature birth than those in autumn [OR = 1.27 (1.09-1.48)], while those born in infants were more likely to be born prematurely than those in autumn Relative to rural areas easily premature birth [OR = 1.74 (1.55 ~ 1.95)]. Conclusions Preterm birth is related to the pregnant season of pregnant women and the season of childbirth. The effects of pregnant season and birth season on preterm birth are different in urban and rural areas. Pregnant women in urban areas are more likely to be born prematurely than pregnant women in rural areas. Pregnant women in cities are easily premature in spring and summer .