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《中华人民共和国非物质文化遗产法》从公法、行政作为角度加强了政府部门保护、传播非物质文化遗产的义务,但从实际上来说,当非物质文化遗产受到侵犯、盗用、窃取,启动公权力进行干预的程序远远比及时的权利救济滞后得多。当非物质文化遗产在私法领域应有的经济价值得以流转体现,社会性保护意识的养成也就成顺理成章之事。在法律实践意义上,提高全社会对非物质文化遗产的保护意识,与实现非物质文化遗产财产权利的流转是一个命题的两个方面。必须要解决三个问题:非物质文化遗产权的属性定位、非物质文化遗产权利流转的机制、非物质文化遗产权利的救济。而在非物质文化遗产权利的救济层面,确立传承人诉讼和举证责任倒置,是保护权利的关键。
The Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Intangible Cultural Heritage strengthens the obligation of government departments to protect and disseminate the intangible cultural heritage from the perspective of public law and administration. However, in practice, when the intangible cultural heritage is infringed, misappropriated, stolen and started Procedures for intervening power far outweigh the prompt relief of rights. When the due economic value of the intangible cultural heritage in the field of private law can be reflected, the development of a sense of social protection is a matter of course. In the sense of legal practice, it is a proposition to raise the whole society’s awareness of the protection of intangible cultural heritage and the transfer of property rights of the intangible cultural heritage. Three problems must be solved: the property orientation of the intangible cultural heritage rights, the mechanism of the transfer of the rights of the intangible cultural heritage, and the relief of the rights of the intangible cultural heritage. However, at the remedy level of the intangible cultural heritage rights, the establishment of successor lawsuits and the inversion of the burden of proof are the keys to the protection of rights.